IOUtils (knowgate-base 9.1.0 API)

java.lang.Object
- com.knowgate.io.IOUtils

```
public class IOUtils
extends Object
```
General IO stream manipulation utilities.
This class provides static utility methods for input/output operations.
- closeQuietly - these methods close a stream ignoring nulls and exceptions
- toXxx/read - these methods read data from a stream
- write - these methods write data to a stream
- copy - these methods copy all the data from one stream to another
- contentEquals - these methods compare the content of two streams
The byte-to-char methods and char-to-byte methods involve a conversion step. Two methods are provided in each case, one that uses the platform default encoding and the other which allows you to specify an encoding. You are encouraged to always specify an encoding because relying on the platform default can lead to unexpected results, for example when moving from development to production.
All the methods in this class that read a stream are buffered internally. This means that there is no cause to use a BufferedInputStream or BufferedReader. The default buffer size of 4K has been shown to be efficient in tests.
Wherever possible, the methods in this class do not flush or close the stream. This is to avoid making non-portable assumptions about the streams' origin and further use. Thus the caller is still responsible for closing streams after use.
Origin of code: Excalibur.
Version:

$Id: IOUtils.java 481854 2006-12-03 18:30:07Z scolebourne $

Author:

Peter Donald, Jeff Turner, Matthew Hawthorne, Stephen Colebourne, Gareth Davis, Ian Springer, Niall Pemberton, Sandy McArthur

Field Summary

Fields
Modifier and Type	Field and Description
`static char`	`DIR_SEPARATOR` The system directory separator character.
`static char`	`DIR_SEPARATOR_UNIX` The Unix directory separator character.
`static char`	`DIR_SEPARATOR_WINDOWS` The Windows directory separator character.
`static String`	`LINE_SEPARATOR` The system line separator string.
`static String`	`LINE_SEPARATOR_UNIX` The Unix line separator string.
`static String`	`LINE_SEPARATOR_WINDOWS` The Windows line separator string.

Constructor Summary

Constructors
Constructor and Description

IOUtils()
Instances should NOT be constructed in standard programming.

Constructors
Constructor and Description
`IOUtils()` Instances should NOT be constructed in standard programming.

Method Summary

All Methods Static Methods Concrete Methods Deprecated Methods
Modifier and Type	Method and Description
`static void`	`closeQuietly(InputStream input)` Unconditionally close an `InputStream`.
`static void`	`closeQuietly(OutputStream output)` Unconditionally close an `OutputStream`.
`static void`	`closeQuietly(Reader input)` Unconditionally close an `Reader`.
`static void`	`closeQuietly(Writer output)` Unconditionally close a `Writer`.
`static boolean`	`contentEquals(InputStream input1, InputStream input2)` Compare the contents of two Streams to determine if they are equal or not.
`static boolean`	`contentEquals(Reader input1, Reader input2)` Compare the contents of two Readers to determine if they are equal or not.
`static int`	`copy(InputStream input, OutputStream output)` Copy bytes from an `InputStream` to an `OutputStream`.
`static void`	`copy(InputStream input, Writer output)` Copy bytes from an `InputStream` to chars on a `Writer` using the default character encoding of the platform.
`static void`	`copy(InputStream input, Writer output, String encoding)` Copy bytes from an `InputStream` to chars on a `Writer` using the specified character encoding.
`static void`	`copy(Reader input, OutputStream output)` Copy chars from a `Reader` to bytes on an `OutputStream` using the default character encoding of the platform, and calling flush.
`static void`	`copy(Reader input, OutputStream output, String encoding)` Copy chars from a `Reader` to bytes on an `OutputStream` using the specified character encoding, and calling flush.
`static int`	`copy(Reader input, Writer output)` Copy chars from a `Reader` to a `Writer`.
`static long`	`copyLarge(InputStream input, OutputStream output)` Copy bytes from a large (over 2GB) `InputStream` to an `OutputStream`.
`static long`	`copyLarge(Reader input, Writer output)` Copy chars from a large (over 2GB) `Reader` to a `Writer`.
`static List<String>`	`readLines(InputStream input)` Get the contents of an `InputStream` as a list of Strings, one entry per line, using the default character encoding of the platform.
`static List<String>`	`readLines(InputStream input, String encoding)` Get the contents of an `InputStream` as a list of Strings, one entry per line, using the specified character encoding.
`static List<String>`	`readLines(Reader input)` Get the contents of a `Reader` as a list of Strings, one entry per line.
`static byte[]`	`toByteArray(InputStream input)` Get the contents of an `InputStream` as a `byte[]`.
`static byte[]`	`toByteArray(Reader input)` Get the contents of a `Reader` as a `byte[]` using the default character encoding of the platform.
`static byte[]`	`toByteArray(Reader input, String encoding)` Get the contents of a `Reader` as a `byte[]` using the specified character encoding.
`static byte[]`	`toByteArray(String input)` Deprecated. Use `String.getBytes()`
`static char[]`	`toCharArray(InputStream is)` Get the contents of an `InputStream` as a character array using the default character encoding of the platform.
`static char[]`	`toCharArray(InputStream is, String encoding)` Get the contents of an `InputStream` as a character array using the specified character encoding.
`static char[]`	`toCharArray(Reader input)` Get the contents of a `Reader` as a character array.
`static InputStream`	`toInputStream(String input)` Convert the specified string to an input stream, encoded as bytes using the default character encoding of the platform.
`static InputStream`	`toInputStream(String input, String encoding)` Convert the specified string to an input stream, encoded as bytes using the specified character encoding.
`static String`	`toString(byte[] input)` Deprecated. Use `String.String(byte[])`
`static String`	`toString(byte[] input, String encoding)` Deprecated. Use `String.String(byte[],String)`
`static String`	`toString(InputStream input)` Get the contents of an `InputStream` as a String using the default character encoding of the platform.
`static String`	`toString(InputStream input, String encoding)` Get the contents of an `InputStream` as a String using the specified character encoding.
`static String`	`toString(Reader input)` Get the contents of a `Reader` as a String.
`static void`	`write(byte[] data, OutputStream output)` Writes bytes from a `byte[]` to an `OutputStream`.
`static void`	`write(byte[] data, Writer output)` Writes bytes from a `byte[]` to chars on a `Writer` using the default character encoding of the platform.
`static void`	`write(byte[] data, Writer output, String encoding)` Writes bytes from a `byte[]` to chars on a `Writer` using the specified character encoding.
`static void`	`write(char[] data, OutputStream output)` Writes chars from a `char[]` to bytes on an `OutputStream`.
`static void`	`write(char[] data, OutputStream output, String encoding)` Writes chars from a `char[]` to bytes on an `OutputStream` using the specified character encoding.
`static void`	`write(char[] data, Writer output)` Writes chars from a `char[]` to a `Writer` using the default character encoding of the platform.
`static void`	`write(StringBuffer data, OutputStream output)` Writes chars from a `StringBuffer` to bytes on an `OutputStream` using the default character encoding of the platform.
`static void`	`write(StringBuffer data, OutputStream output, String encoding)` Writes chars from a `StringBuffer` to bytes on an `OutputStream` using the specified character encoding.
`static void`	`write(StringBuffer data, Writer output)` Writes chars from a `StringBuffer` to a `Writer`.
`static void`	`write(String data, OutputStream output)` Writes chars from a `String` to bytes on an `OutputStream` using the default character encoding of the platform.
`static void`	`write(String data, OutputStream output, String encoding)` Writes chars from a `String` to bytes on an `OutputStream` using the specified character encoding.
`static void`	`write(String data, Writer output)` Writes chars from a `String` to a `Writer`.
`static void`	`writeLines(Collection lines, String lineEnding, OutputStream output)` Writes the `toString()` value of each item in a collection to an `OutputStream` line by line, using the default character encoding of the platform and the specified line ending.
`static void`	`writeLines(Collection lines, String lineEnding, OutputStream output, String encoding)` Writes the `toString()` value of each item in a collection to an `OutputStream` line by line, using the specified character encoding and the specified line ending.
`static void`	`writeLines(Collection lines, String lineEnding, Writer writer)` Writes the `toString()` value of each item in a collection to a `Writer` line by line, using the specified line ending.

Methods inherited from class java.lang.Object
clone, equals, finalize, getClass, hashCode, notify, notifyAll, toString, wait, wait, wait

- Field Detail
  - DIR_SEPARATOR_UNIX
```
public static final char DIR_SEPARATOR_UNIX
```
    The Unix directory separator character.
    
    See Also:
    
    Constant Field Values
  - DIR_SEPARATOR_WINDOWS
```
public static final char DIR_SEPARATOR_WINDOWS
```
    The Windows directory separator character.
    
    See Also:
    
    Constant Field Values
  - DIR_SEPARATOR
```
public static final char DIR_SEPARATOR
```
    The system directory separator character.
  - LINE_SEPARATOR_UNIX
```
public static final String LINE_SEPARATOR_UNIX
```
    The Unix line separator string.
    
    See Also:
    
    Constant Field Values
  - LINE_SEPARATOR_WINDOWS
```
public static final String LINE_SEPARATOR_WINDOWS
```
    The Windows line separator string.
    
    See Also:
    
    Constant Field Values
  - LINE_SEPARATOR
```
public static final String LINE_SEPARATOR
```
    The system line separator string.
- Constructor Detail
  - IOUtils
```
public IOUtils()
```
    Instances should NOT be constructed in standard programming.
- Method Detail
  - closeQuietly
```
public static void closeQuietly(Reader input)
```
    Unconditionally close an Reader.
    Equivalent to Reader.close(), except any exceptions will be ignored. This is typically used in finally blocks.
    
    Parameters:
    
    input - the Reader to close, may be null or already closed
  - closeQuietly
```
public static void closeQuietly(Writer output)
```
    Unconditionally close a Writer.
    Equivalent to Writer.close(), except any exceptions will be ignored. This is typically used in finally blocks.
    
    Parameters:
    
    output - the Writer to close, may be null or already closed
  - closeQuietly
```
public static void closeQuietly(InputStream input)
```
    Unconditionally close an InputStream.
    Equivalent to InputStream.close(), except any exceptions will be ignored. This is typically used in finally blocks.
    
    Parameters:
    
    input - the InputStream to close, may be null or already closed
  - closeQuietly
```
public static void closeQuietly(OutputStream output)
```
    Unconditionally close an OutputStream.
    Equivalent to OutputStream.close(), except any exceptions will be ignored. This is typically used in finally blocks.
    
    Parameters:
    
    output - the OutputStream to close, may be null or already closed
  - toByteArray
```
public static byte[] toByteArray(InputStream input)
                          throws IOException
```
    Get the contents of an InputStream as a byte[].
    This method buffers the input internally, so there is no need to use a BufferedInputStream.
    
    Parameters:
    
    input - the InputStream to read from
    
    Returns:
    
    the requested byte array
    
    Throws:
    
    NullPointerException - if the input is null
    
    IOException - if an I/O error occurs
  - toByteArray
```
public static byte[] toByteArray(Reader input)
                          throws IOException
```
    Get the contents of a Reader as a byte[] using the default character encoding of the platform.
    This method buffers the input internally, so there is no need to use a BufferedReader.
    
    Parameters:
    
    input - the Reader to read from
    
    Returns:
    
    the requested byte array
    
    Throws:
    
    NullPointerException - if the input is null
    
    IOException - if an I/O error occurs
  - toByteArray
```
public static byte[] toByteArray(Reader input,
                                 String encoding)
                          throws IOException
```
    Get the contents of a Reader as a byte[] using the specified character encoding.
    Character encoding names can be found at IANA.
    This method buffers the input internally, so there is no need to use a BufferedReader.
    
    Parameters:
    
    input - the Reader to read from
    
    encoding - the encoding to use, null means platform default
    
    Returns:
    
    the requested byte array
    
    Throws:
    
    NullPointerException - if the input is null
    
    IOException - if an I/O error occurs
    
    Since:
    
    Commons IO 1.1
  - toByteArray
```
public static byte[] toByteArray(String input)
                          throws IOException
```
    Deprecated. Use String.getBytes()
    
    Get the contents of a String as a byte[] using the default character encoding of the platform.
    This is the same as String.getBytes().
    
    Parameters:
    
    input - the String to convert
    
    Returns:
    
    the requested byte array
    
    Throws:
    
    NullPointerException - if the input is null
    
    IOException - if an I/O error occurs (never occurs)
  - toCharArray
```
public static char[] toCharArray(InputStream is)
                          throws IOException
```
    Get the contents of an InputStream as a character array using the default character encoding of the platform.
    This method buffers the input internally, so there is no need to use a BufferedInputStream.
    
    Parameters:
    
    is - the InputStream to read from
    
    Returns:
    
    the requested character array
    
    Throws:
    
    NullPointerException - if the input is null
    
    IOException - if an I/O error occurs
    
    Since:
    
    Commons IO 1.1
  - toCharArray
```
public static char[] toCharArray(InputStream is,
                                 String encoding)
                          throws IOException
```
    Get the contents of an InputStream as a character array using the specified character encoding.
    Character encoding names can be found at IANA.
    This method buffers the input internally, so there is no need to use a BufferedInputStream.
    
    Parameters:
    
    is - the InputStream to read from
    
    encoding - the encoding to use, null means platform default
    
    Returns:
    
    the requested character array
    
    Throws:
    
    NullPointerException - if the input is null
    
    IOException - if an I/O error occurs
    
    Since:
    
    Commons IO 1.1
  - toCharArray
```
public static char[] toCharArray(Reader input)
                          throws IOException
```
    Get the contents of a Reader as a character array.
    This method buffers the input internally, so there is no need to use a BufferedReader.
    
    Parameters:
    
    input - the Reader to read from
    
    Returns:
    
    the requested character array
    
    Throws:
    
    NullPointerException - if the input is null
    
    IOException - if an I/O error occurs
    
    Since:
    
    Commons IO 1.1
  - toString
```
public static String toString(InputStream input)
                       throws IOException
```
    Get the contents of an InputStream as a String using the default character encoding of the platform.
    This method buffers the input internally, so there is no need to use a BufferedInputStream.
    
    Parameters:
    
    input - the InputStream to read from
    
    Returns:
    
    the requested String
    
    Throws:
    
    NullPointerException - if the input is null
    
    IOException - if an I/O error occurs
  - toString
```
public static String toString(InputStream input,
                              String encoding)
                       throws IOException
```
    Get the contents of an InputStream as a String using the specified character encoding.
    Character encoding names can be found at IANA.
    This method buffers the input internally, so there is no need to use a BufferedInputStream.
    
    Parameters:
    
    input - the InputStream to read from
    
    encoding - the encoding to use, null means platform default
    
    Returns:
    
    the requested String
    
    Throws:
    
    NullPointerException - if the input is null
    
    IOException - if an I/O error occurs
  - toString
```
public static String toString(Reader input)
                       throws IOException
```
    Get the contents of a Reader as a String.
    This method buffers the input internally, so there is no need to use a BufferedReader.
    
    Parameters:
    
    input - the Reader to read from
    
    Returns:
    
    the requested String
    
    Throws:
    
    NullPointerException - if the input is null
    
    IOException - if an I/O error occurs
  - toString
```
public static String toString(byte[] input)
                       throws IOException
```
    Deprecated. Use String.String(byte[])
    
    Get the contents of a byte[] as a String using the default character encoding of the platform.
    
    Parameters:
    
    input - the byte array to read from
    
    Returns:
    
    the requested String
    
    Throws:
    
    NullPointerException - if the input is null
    
    IOException - if an I/O error occurs (never occurs)
  - toString
```
public static String toString(byte[] input,
                              String encoding)
                       throws IOException
```
    Deprecated. Use String.String(byte[],String)
    
    Get the contents of a byte[] as a String using the specified character encoding.
    Character encoding names can be found at IANA.
    
    Parameters:
    
    input - the byte array to read from
    
    encoding - the encoding to use, null means platform default
    
    Returns:
    
    the requested String
    
    Throws:
    
    NullPointerException - if the input is null
    
    IOException - if an I/O error occurs (never occurs)
  - readLines
```
public static List<String> readLines(InputStream input)
                              throws IOException
```
    Get the contents of an InputStream as a list of Strings, one entry per line, using the default character encoding of the platform.
    This method buffers the input internally, so there is no need to use a BufferedInputStream.
    
    Parameters:
    
    input - the InputStream to read from, not null
    
    Returns:
    
    the list of Strings, never null
    
    Throws:
    
    NullPointerException - if the input is null
    
    IOException - if an I/O error occurs
    
    Since:
    
    Commons IO 1.1
  - readLines
```
public static List<String> readLines(InputStream input,
                                     String encoding)
                              throws IOException
```
    Get the contents of an InputStream as a list of Strings, one entry per line, using the specified character encoding.
    Character encoding names can be found at IANA.
    This method buffers the input internally, so there is no need to use a BufferedInputStream.
    
    Parameters:
    
    input - the InputStream to read from, not null
    
    encoding - the encoding to use, null means platform default
    
    Returns:
    
    the list of Strings, never null
    
    Throws:
    
    NullPointerException - if the input is null
    
    IOException - if an I/O error occurs
    
    Since:
    
    Commons IO 1.1
  - readLines
```
public static List<String> readLines(Reader input)
                              throws IOException
```
    Get the contents of a Reader as a list of Strings, one entry per line.
    This method buffers the input internally, so there is no need to use a BufferedReader.
    
    Parameters:
    
    input - the Reader to read from, not null
    
    Returns:
    
    the list of Strings, never null
    
    Throws:
    
    NullPointerException - if the input is null
    
    IOException - if an I/O error occurs
    
    Since:
    
    Commons IO 1.1
  - toInputStream
```
public static InputStream toInputStream(String input)
```
    Convert the specified string to an input stream, encoded as bytes using the default character encoding of the platform.
    
    Parameters:
    
    input - the string to convert
    
    Returns:
    
    an input stream
    
    Since:
    
    Commons IO 1.1
  - toInputStream
```
public static InputStream toInputStream(String input,
                                        String encoding)
                                 throws IOException
```
    Convert the specified string to an input stream, encoded as bytes using the specified character encoding.
    Character encoding names can be found at IANA.
    
    Parameters:
    
    input - the string to convert
    
    encoding - the encoding to use, null means platform default
    
    Returns:
    
    an input stream
    
    Throws:
    
    IOException - if the encoding is invalid
    
    Since:
    
    Commons IO 1.1
  - write
```
public static void write(byte[] data,
                         OutputStream output)
                  throws IOException
```
    Writes bytes from a byte[] to an OutputStream.
    
    Parameters:
    
    data - the byte array to write, do not modify during output, null ignored
    
    output - the OutputStream to write to
    
    Throws:
    
    NullPointerException - if output is null
    
    IOException - if an I/O error occurs
    
    Since:
    
    Commons IO 1.1
  - write
```
public static void write(byte[] data,
                         Writer output)
                  throws IOException
```
    Writes bytes from a byte[] to chars on a Writer using the default character encoding of the platform.
    This method uses String.String(byte[]).
    
    Parameters:
    
    data - the byte array to write, do not modify during output, null ignored
    
    output - the Writer to write to
    
    Throws:
    
    NullPointerException - if output is null
    
    IOException - if an I/O error occurs
    
    Since:
    
    Commons IO 1.1
  - write
```
public static void write(byte[] data,
                         Writer output,
                         String encoding)
                  throws IOException
```
    Writes bytes from a byte[] to chars on a Writer using the specified character encoding.
    Character encoding names can be found at IANA.
    This method uses String.String(byte[], String).
    
    Parameters:
    
    data - the byte array to write, do not modify during output, null ignored
    
    output - the Writer to write to
    
    encoding - the encoding to use, null means platform default
    
    Throws:
    
    NullPointerException - if output is null
    
    IOException - if an I/O error occurs
    
    Since:
    
    Commons IO 1.1
  - write
```
public static void write(char[] data,
                         Writer output)
                  throws IOException
```
    Writes chars from a char[] to a Writer using the default character encoding of the platform.
    
    Parameters:
    
    data - the char array to write, do not modify during output, null ignored
    
    output - the Writer to write to
    
    Throws:
    
    NullPointerException - if output is null
    
    IOException - if an I/O error occurs
    
    Since:
    
    Commons IO 1.1
  - write
```
public static void write(char[] data,
                         OutputStream output)
                  throws IOException
```
    Writes chars from a char[] to bytes on an OutputStream.
    This method uses String.String(char[]) and String.getBytes().
    
    Parameters:
    
    data - the char array to write, do not modify during output, null ignored
    
    output - the OutputStream to write to
    
    Throws:
    
    NullPointerException - if output is null
    
    IOException - if an I/O error occurs
    
    Since:
    
    Commons IO 1.1
  - write
```
public static void write(char[] data,
                         OutputStream output,
                         String encoding)
                  throws IOException
```
    Writes chars from a char[] to bytes on an OutputStream using the specified character encoding.
    Character encoding names can be found at IANA.
    This method uses String.String(char[]) and String.getBytes(String).
    
    Parameters:
    
    data - the char array to write, do not modify during output, null ignored
    
    output - the OutputStream to write to
    
    encoding - the encoding to use, null means platform default
    
    Throws:
    
    NullPointerException - if output is null
    
    IOException - if an I/O error occurs
    
    Since:
    
    Commons IO 1.1
  - write
```
public static void write(String data,
                         Writer output)
                  throws IOException
```
    Writes chars from a String to a Writer.
    
    Parameters:
    
    data - the String to write, null ignored
    
    output - the Writer to write to
    
    Throws:
    
    NullPointerException - if output is null
    
    IOException - if an I/O error occurs
    
    Since:
    
    Commons IO 1.1
  - write
```
public static void write(String data,
                         OutputStream output)
                  throws IOException
```
    Writes chars from a String to bytes on an OutputStream using the default character encoding of the platform.
    This method uses String.getBytes().
    
    Parameters:
    
    data - the String to write, null ignored
    
    output - the OutputStream to write to
    
    Throws:
    
    NullPointerException - if output is null
    
    IOException - if an I/O error occurs
    
    Since:
    
    Commons IO 1.1
  - write
```
public static void write(String data,
                         OutputStream output,
                         String encoding)
                  throws IOException
```
    Writes chars from a String to bytes on an OutputStream using the specified character encoding.
    Character encoding names can be found at IANA.
    This method uses String.getBytes(String).
    
    Parameters:
    
    data - the String to write, null ignored
    
    output - the OutputStream to write to
    
    encoding - the encoding to use, null means platform default
    
    Throws:
    
    NullPointerException - if output is null
    
    IOException - if an I/O error occurs
    
    Since:
    
    Commons IO 1.1
  - write
```
public static void write(StringBuffer data,
                         Writer output)
                  throws IOException
```
    Writes chars from a StringBuffer to a Writer.
    
    Parameters:
    
    data - the StringBuffer to write, null ignored
    
    output - the Writer to write to
    
    Throws:
    
    NullPointerException - if output is null
    
    IOException - if an I/O error occurs
    
    Since:
    
    Commons IO 1.1
  - write
```
public static void write(StringBuffer data,
                         OutputStream output)
                  throws IOException
```
    Writes chars from a StringBuffer to bytes on an OutputStream using the default character encoding of the platform.
    This method uses String.getBytes().
    
    Parameters:
    
    data - the StringBuffer to write, null ignored
    
    output - the OutputStream to write to
    
    Throws:
    
    NullPointerException - if output is null
    
    IOException - if an I/O error occurs
    
    Since:
    
    Commons IO 1.1
  - write
```
public static void write(StringBuffer data,
                         OutputStream output,
                         String encoding)
                  throws IOException
```
    Writes chars from a StringBuffer to bytes on an OutputStream using the specified character encoding.
    Character encoding names can be found at IANA.
    This method uses String.getBytes(String).
    
    Parameters:
    
    data - the StringBuffer to write, null ignored
    
    output - the OutputStream to write to
    
    encoding - the encoding to use, null means platform default
    
    Throws:
    
    NullPointerException - if output is null
    
    IOException - if an I/O error occurs
    
    Since:
    
    Commons IO 1.1
  - writeLines
```
public static void writeLines(Collection lines,
                              String lineEnding,
                              OutputStream output)
                       throws IOException
```
    Writes the toString() value of each item in a collection to an OutputStream line by line, using the default character encoding of the platform and the specified line ending.
    
    Parameters:
    
    lines - the lines to write, null entries produce blank lines
    
    lineEnding - the line separator to use, null is system default
    
    output - the OutputStream to write to, not null, not closed
    
    Throws:
    
    NullPointerException - if the output is null
    
    IOException - if an I/O error occurs
    
    Since:
    
    Commons IO 1.1
  - writeLines
```
public static void writeLines(Collection lines,
                              String lineEnding,
                              OutputStream output,
                              String encoding)
                       throws IOException
```
    Writes the toString() value of each item in a collection to an OutputStream line by line, using the specified character encoding and the specified line ending.
    Character encoding names can be found at IANA.
    
    Parameters:
    
    lines - the lines to write, null entries produce blank lines
    
    lineEnding - the line separator to use, null is system default
    
    output - the OutputStream to write to, not null, not closed
    
    encoding - the encoding to use, null means platform default
    
    Throws:
    
    NullPointerException - if the output is null
    
    IOException - if an I/O error occurs
    
    Since:
    
    Commons IO 1.1
  - writeLines
```
public static void writeLines(Collection lines,
                              String lineEnding,
                              Writer writer)
                       throws IOException
```
    Writes the toString() value of each item in a collection to a Writer line by line, using the specified line ending.
    
    Parameters:
    
    lines - the lines to write, null entries produce blank lines
    
    lineEnding - the line separator to use, null is system default
    
    writer - the Writer to write to, not null, not closed
    
    Throws:
    
    NullPointerException - if the input is null
    
    IOException - if an I/O error occurs
    
    Since:
    
    Commons IO 1.1
  - copy
```
public static int copy(InputStream input,
                       OutputStream output)
                throws IOException
```
    Copy bytes from an InputStream to an OutputStream.
    This method buffers the input internally, so there is no need to use a BufferedInputStream.
    Large streams (over 2GB) will return a bytes copied value of -1 after the copy has completed since the correct number of bytes cannot be returned as an int. For large streams use the copyLarge(InputStream, OutputStream) method.
    
    Parameters:
    
    input - the InputStream to read from
    
    output - the OutputStream to write to
    
    Returns:
    
    the number of bytes copied
    
    Throws:
    
    NullPointerException - if the input or output is null
    
    IOException - if an I/O error occurs
    
    ArithmeticException - if the byte count is too large
    
    Since:
    
    Commons IO 1.1
  - copyLarge
```
public static long copyLarge(InputStream input,
                             OutputStream output)
                      throws IOException
```
    Copy bytes from a large (over 2GB) InputStream to an OutputStream.
    This method buffers the input internally, so there is no need to use a BufferedInputStream.
    
    Parameters:
    
    input - the InputStream to read from
    
    output - the OutputStream to write to
    
    Returns:
    
    the number of bytes copied
    
    Throws:
    
    NullPointerException - if the input or output is null
    
    IOException - if an I/O error occurs
    
    Since:
    
    Commons IO 1.3
  - copy
```
public static void copy(InputStream input,
                        Writer output)
                 throws IOException
```
    Copy bytes from an InputStream to chars on a Writer using the default character encoding of the platform.
    This method buffers the input internally, so there is no need to use a BufferedInputStream.
    This method uses InputStreamReader.
    
    Parameters:
    
    input - the InputStream to read from
    
    output - the Writer to write to
    
    Throws:
    
    NullPointerException - if the input or output is null
    
    IOException - if an I/O error occurs
    
    Since:
    
    Commons IO 1.1
  - copy
```
public static void copy(InputStream input,
                        Writer output,
                        String encoding)
                 throws IOException
```
    Copy bytes from an InputStream to chars on a Writer using the specified character encoding.
    This method buffers the input internally, so there is no need to use a BufferedInputStream.
    Character encoding names can be found at IANA.
    This method uses InputStreamReader.
    
    Parameters:
    
    input - the InputStream to read from
    
    output - the Writer to write to
    
    encoding - the encoding to use, null means platform default
    
    Throws:
    
    NullPointerException - if the input or output is null
    
    IOException - if an I/O error occurs
    
    Since:
    
    Commons IO 1.1
  - copy
```
public static int copy(Reader input,
                       Writer output)
                throws IOException
```
    Copy chars from a Reader to a Writer.
    This method buffers the input internally, so there is no need to use a BufferedReader.
    Large streams (over 2GB) will return a chars copied value of -1 after the copy has completed since the correct number of chars cannot be returned as an int. For large streams use the copyLarge(Reader, Writer) method.
    
    Parameters:
    
    input - the Reader to read from
    
    output - the Writer to write to
    
    Returns:
    
    the number of characters copied
    
    Throws:
    
    NullPointerException - if the input or output is null
    
    IOException - if an I/O error occurs
    
    ArithmeticException - if the character count is too large
    
    Since:
    
    Commons IO 1.1
  - copyLarge
```
public static long copyLarge(Reader input,
                             Writer output)
                      throws IOException
```
    Copy chars from a large (over 2GB) Reader to a Writer.
    This method buffers the input internally, so there is no need to use a BufferedReader.
    
    Parameters:
    
    input - the Reader to read from
    
    output - the Writer to write to
    
    Returns:
    
    the number of characters copied
    
    Throws:
    
    NullPointerException - if the input or output is null
    
    IOException - if an I/O error occurs
    
    Since:
    
    Commons IO 1.3
  - copy
```
public static void copy(Reader input,
                        OutputStream output)
                 throws IOException
```
    Copy chars from a Reader to bytes on an OutputStream using the default character encoding of the platform, and calling flush.
    This method buffers the input internally, so there is no need to use a BufferedReader.
    Due to the implementation of OutputStreamWriter, this method performs a flush.
    This method uses OutputStreamWriter.
    
    Parameters:
    
    input - the Reader to read from
    
    output - the OutputStream to write to
    
    Throws:
    
    NullPointerException - if the input or output is null
    
    IOException - if an I/O error occurs
    
    Since:
    
    Commons IO 1.1
  - copy
```
public static void copy(Reader input,
                        OutputStream output,
                        String encoding)
                 throws IOException
```
    Copy chars from a Reader to bytes on an OutputStream using the specified character encoding, and calling flush.
    This method buffers the input internally, so there is no need to use a BufferedReader.
    Character encoding names can be found at IANA.
    Due to the implementation of OutputStreamWriter, this method performs a flush.
    This method uses OutputStreamWriter.
    
    Parameters:
    
    input - the Reader to read from
    
    output - the OutputStream to write to
    
    encoding - the encoding to use, null means platform default
    
    Throws:
    
    NullPointerException - if the input or output is null
    
    IOException - if an I/O error occurs
    
    Since:
    
    Commons IO 1.1
  - contentEquals
```
public static boolean contentEquals(InputStream input1,
                                    InputStream input2)
                             throws IOException
```
    Compare the contents of two Streams to determine if they are equal or not.
    This method buffers the input internally using BufferedInputStream if they are not already buffered.
    
    Parameters:
    
    input1 - the first stream
    
    input2 - the second stream
    
    Returns:
    
    true if the content of the streams are equal or they both don't exist, false otherwise
    
    Throws:
    
    NullPointerException - if either input is null
    
    IOException - if an I/O error occurs
  - contentEquals
```
public static boolean contentEquals(Reader input1,
                                    Reader input2)
                             throws IOException
```
    Compare the contents of two Readers to determine if they are equal or not.
    This method buffers the input internally using BufferedReader if they are not already buffered.
    
    Parameters:
    
    input1 - the first reader
    
    input2 - the second reader
    
    Returns:
    
    true if the content of the readers are equal or they both don't exist, false otherwise
    
    Throws:
    
    NullPointerException - if either input is null
    
    IOException - if an I/O error occurs
    
    Since:
    
    Commons IO 1.1

Class IOUtils

Field Summary

Constructor Summary

Method Summary

Methods inherited from class java.lang.Object

Field Detail

DIR_SEPARATOR_UNIX

DIR_SEPARATOR_WINDOWS

DIR_SEPARATOR

LINE_SEPARATOR_UNIX

LINE_SEPARATOR_WINDOWS

LINE_SEPARATOR

Constructor Detail

IOUtils

Method Detail

closeQuietly

closeQuietly

closeQuietly

closeQuietly

toByteArray

toByteArray

toByteArray

toByteArray

toCharArray

toCharArray

toCharArray

toString

toString

toString

toString

toString

readLines

readLines

readLines

toInputStream

toInputStream

write

write

write

write

write

write

write

write

write

write

write

write

writeLines

writeLines

writeLines

copy

copyLarge

copy

copy

copy

copyLarge

copy

copy

contentEquals

contentEquals